Oral cancer is a serious and often overlooked health condition that affects thousands of people worldwide each year, and your dental providers Dr. Messina and Rachel want you to have up-to-date information on this important pathology.
With advances in medical technology, early detection, and treatments, the outlook for individuals diagnosed with oral cancer has improved. However, awareness and prevention remain key to reducing its impact. As we recognize Oral Cancer Awareness Month this April, here’s everything you need to know about oral cancer, including the latest trends, risk factors, and what steps you can take to protect your oral health.
What is Oral Cancer?
Oral cancer refers to cancer that develops in any part of the mouth, including the lips, gums, tongue, the floor of the mouth, roof of the mouth, and the cheeks. It also includes cancers of the throat (pharynx) and voice box (larynx), which are part of the head and neck cancer category. The disease can start in any of these areas and spread to surrounding tissues if not caught early.
The Rising Threat in 2025: Understanding the Statistics
As of 2025, oral cancer continues to be a significant concern, particularly for individuals over the age of 45. According to the American Cancer Society, nearly 54,000 people in the United States are expected to be diagnosed with oral cancer this year, and approximately 10,000 people will die from the disease. Despite these statistics, survival rates have improved over the past decades, thanks to better awareness, screening, and early detection techniques.
Key Risk Factors for Oral Cancer
In 2025, there are several well-known risk factors for oral cancer, though researchers continue to explore new influences. Here are some of the top factors that increase your risk:
1. Tobacco Use (Smoking and Chewing)
Tobacco remains one of the leading risk factors for oral cancer. Cigarette smoking, cigars, and smokeless tobacco products (chewing tobacco) contribute to over 85% of all oral cancer cases. Even secondhand smoke can increase the risk.
2. Heavy Alcohol Consumption
Excessive drinking, especially when combined with smoking, increases the risk of oral cancer significantly. Studies show that the risk is much higher for those who both drink heavily and use tobacco.
3. HPV (Human Papillomavirus)
In recent years, the role of HPV in oral cancer has gained attention. HPV, particularly strains 16 and 18, is now recognized as a leading cause of oropharyngeal cancer (cancer in the back of the throat). The rise of oral HPV infections, especially among younger individuals, highlights the need for better HPV vaccination rates.
4. Age and Gender
Oral cancer is more commonly diagnosed in individuals over the age of 45, with men being at a higher risk than women. However, the increasing number of women being diagnosed with HPV-related oral cancer suggests shifting trends in risk factors.
5. Poor Diet and Nutrition
A diet lacking in essential vitamins and minerals, especially those found in fruits and vegetables, can increase the risk of oral cancer. A deficiency in antioxidants such as vitamins A, C, and E can impair the body’s ability to protect cells from damage.
6. Genetics and Family History
Family history of oral cancer or other types of head and neck cancers can increase an individual’s risk of developing the disease. Research into genetic predispositions continues to advance, helping doctors identify high-risk individuals.
New Developments in Prevention and Early Detection
As we progress into 2025, significant strides have been made in both prevention and early detection of oral cancer. Here are some key updates:
1. HPV Vaccination
In the past, HPV-related oral cancers were mostly associated with younger individuals who were sexually active. Today, HPV vaccination is seen as a critical tool in preventing certain types of oral cancer, especially among younger individuals. The vaccine, which is currently recommended for adolescents, has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of HPV-related cancers. In 2025, greater awareness and accessibility of the HPV vaccine are expected to help reduce the rates of HPV-related oral cancer in the future.
2. Saliva Tests for Early Detection
Researchers are also exploring non-invasive tests like saliva testing to detect early signs of oral cancer. These tests can identify certain biomarkers that indicate the presence of cancer, providing a potential game-changer for early detection. In 2025, we can expect more advancements in this area, allowing for quicker diagnoses and improved survival rates.
3. Oral Cancer Screenings
Routine oral cancer screenings, which are always performed during dental check-ups in our office, continue to be one of the most effective ways to detect the disease early. Advances in screening tools, such as fluorescence and tissue imaging technology, help dentists identify suspicious areas in the mouth that could be indicative of cancer, even before visible signs appear. If your dentist hasn’t recommended a screening, ask about it during your next appointment.
Symptoms to Watch For
Detecting oral cancer early can significantly improve the chances of successful treatment. If you experience any of the following symptoms, it’s important to visit a dentist or doctor promptly:
- Sores or ulcers in the mouth that don’t heal within two weeks
- Pain or tenderness in the mouth, lips, or throat
- White or red patches on the gums, tongue, or inside of the mouth
- Difficulty swallowing or speaking
- Unexplained bleeding in the mouth
- Numbness or swelling in the face, neck, or mouth
- A persistent sore throat or hoarseness
Prevention: Protecting Your Health
While there are no guarantees when it comes to cancer prevention, there are steps you can take to significantly reduce your risk:
- Avoid tobacco in any form.
- Limit alcohol consumption.
- Get the HPV vaccine if you're eligible.
- Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and antioxidants.
- Practice good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing.
- Visit your dentist regularly for check-ups and oral cancer screenings.
The Future of Oral Cancer Treatment
In 2025, oral cancer treatments continue to evolve with a focus on precision medicine and less invasive procedures. Targeted therapies and immunotherapies are increasingly being used to treat oral cancer, offering better outcomes with fewer side effects. Researchers are also looking into new forms of radiation therapy and surgical techniques that allow for faster recovery times and better quality of life for patients.
Conclusion
Oral cancer is a serious disease that affects people across the world, but it doesn’t have to be a death sentence. In 2025, advancements in prevention, early detection, and treatment offer hope to those affected. By staying informed, practicing good oral hygiene, and regularly visiting your dentist, you can take proactive steps to protect your oral health and reduce your risk of oral cancer.
If you haven't already, schedule your next dental check-up with Dr. Messina and our hygienist Rachel, and don't be shy about discussing any questions you have about our oral cancer screenings. Early detection and prevention are the keys to keeping your mouth—and your body—healthy for years to come
We write a blog post every month to keep our patients and our community updated on important dental topics, so be sure to check back here often! And don't forget: we love your questions! We welcome discussion of these blog topics or anything you're curious about. Our patient family is the best part of our practice, and we are grateful for you!